An important direction of CDB ME “Rubin” activities is development of nuclear cruiser submarines armed with cruise missiles. The enterprise developed the design of the first in the world nuclear submarine armed with cruise missiles - Project 659 (Echo I), and later on Project 675 (Echo II) and a number of their modifications. These nuclear submarines of the first generation were assigned a mission of missile attacks against heavily protected waterborne targets.

     In 1980s the third generation nuclear submarines - Projects 949 (Oscar I) and 949A (Oscar II) - armed with anti-ship cruise missiles were built to designs of CDB ME “Rubin”.

    The lead submarine of Project 949 built by PO “Sevmachpredpriyatie” joined the Navy in 1980.

     These submarines are characterised by high underwater speed, excellent manoeuvrability and controllability, considerable diving depth and low noise.

     The possibility of firing all missile ammunition in one salvo and the system of satellite target indication ensure selectivity and accuracy of waterborne target hitting by cruise missiles.

     The ship’s habitability ensured by creation of optimum scientifically grounded microclimatic conditions (gas composition of air, humidity, temperature, etc.) for the personnel vital activities, medical care, catering and recreation inside the submarine allows to carry out long endurance cruises in the World Ocean.

     Submarines of Projects 949 and 949A are the most efficient among nuclear multimission Naval ships and do not have analogues in the world’s naval underwater shipbuilding. Advanced ideas of scientists and designers embodied in them were proved in the process of operation of these ships.

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